![]() “It involved breaking with the past, and consciously moving away from the ideas and traditions of the Enlightenment. “There was something pioneering-almost revolutionary- about Romanticism,” the National Trust says. In any case, Romanticism challenged leading intellectual ideas of the time, culminating in a period unlike any other. ![]() Romanticism also touched more academic disciplines, including education and both the social and natural sciences. Similarly, Romantic interests flourished in the field of literature, with English poets like William Blake, William Wordsworth, and Samuel Taylor Coleridge leading the way with their sensitive written works. These include Ludwig van Beethoven, who also worked in the preceding Classical period, as well as Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky, Franz Liszt, and Richard Wagner. Some of the 18th and 19th century's most well-known composers worked in the Romantic style. However, aside from painting, Romanticism found most of its success beyond the visual arts. Among the most well-known of these artists is François Rude, a French sculptor who crafted Le Marseillaise, a group of reliefs on Paris' Arc de Triomphe. While most Romantics stuck to painting, some dabbled in sculpture. Stock Photos from Martin Sun/Shutterstock Like Turner, these figures employed expressive brushwork to heighten the drama of their action-packed paintings, including Liberty Leading the People and The Raft of the Medusa, respectively. However, Turner's work also inspired Romantics who didn't specialize in landscapes, like French artists Eugène Delacroix and Theodore Gericault. Turner's emotion-driven style paved the way for other artists, including Caspar David Friedrich, whose powerful paintings explore the relationship between human beings and their sublime surroundings. “Turner often shocked his contemporaries with his loose brushwork and vibrant color palette while portraying the development of the modern world unlike any other artist at the time.” “A master of history, landscape and marine painting, he challenged the style of the old masters, trailblazing in technique and subject matter,” the Tate Britain explains. Early in his career, Turner was associated with the Neoclassical movement, but a trip to the Swiss countryside sparked an artistic interest in nature, which materialized as an imaginative and untraditional approach to painting. The Romantic landscape genre was primarily pioneered by JMW Turner, a British oil painter, watercolorist, and printmaker. Specifically, in the movement's early years, these figures predominantly focused on landscape painting. In general, Romantic artists worked in one medium: paint. 1834 (Photo: Wikimedia Commons Public Domain) ![]()
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